導讀主語：(1)由名詞、代詞(人稱代詞用主格)、動詞不定式、動名詞等充當,說明動作是“誰”發出的。如：Thepainterpaintedaverynicepic....

主語：

(1)由名詞、代詞(人稱代詞用主格)、動詞不定式、動名詞等充當,說明動作是“誰”發出的。

如：The painter painted a very nice picture. (畫家畫了一幅漂亮的畫。)

They fought against SARS bravely. (他們勇敢地與非典搏斗。)

To see is to believe. (耳聽為虛眼見為實).

Helping animals is to help people. (幫助動物就是幫助人類。)

(2)動詞不定式或動名詞做主語時可用it代替,而不定式或動名詞移至表語或賓語之后。

如：It is very comfortable to have a Class A seat during the long journey.

(在長途旅行中能有個甲等座位簡直太舒服了。)

Eating too much is bad for your health.(=It is bad for your health eating too much.)

(吃得太多對你的身體不利。)

(3)口語中常見主語或“主--系”省略：

(It is) nothing. ((那)沒有什么。)

(It) doesn’t matter. ((那)沒有關系。)

(I) thank you. ((我)謝謝你。)

(4)反意問句的附加問句,主語必須是代詞：

The man looks worried, doesn’t he? (這個人看上去很著急不是嗎？)

Tigers are dangerous animals, aren’t they? (老虎是危險的動物不是嗎？)

(5)祈使句一般省略主語。加主語時往往用來指定某個人。

Keep the keyboards clean, children. (孩子們請保持鍵盤的清潔。) (省略了主語)

You go there and fetch me a glass of water. (你去給我弄一杯水來。)

(6)主語一般在句首,但在問句中會處于第二位和句尾；倒裝句及there be句型主語在動詞之后。

如：Computers are made in this factory. (計算機生產于這家工廠。)

Where are they? (他們在哪兒？)

Does the boy like staying home? (這個男孩喜歡呆在家里嗎？)

(7)主語與謂語必須保持單、復數的一致, 而謂語與表語或賓語之間沒有這一要求。

Neither Jim nor Rose has passed the exam. (Jim和Rose都沒有通過考試。)

The Chinese peopleare a hardworking and brave people. (中華民族是一個勤勞勇敢的民族。)

(8)主語可以由從句充當,詳見“主語從句”。