導(dǎo)讀美國(guó)動(dòng)畫片《海綿寶寶》于1999年開播，故事情節(jié)主要圍繞著主角海綿寶寶和他的好朋友派大星、鄰居章魚哥、上司蟹老板等人展開，場(chǎng)景設(shè)定于太平洋海底，一座被稱為比....

美國(guó)動(dòng)畫片《海綿寶寶》于1999年開播，故事情節(jié)主要圍繞著主角海綿寶寶和他的好朋友派大星、鄰居章魚哥、上司蟹老板等人展開，場(chǎng)景設(shè)定于太平洋海底，一座被稱為比奇堡的城市。

The American cartoon "SpongeBob" started broadcasting in 1999. The plot mainly revolves around the protagonist SpongeBob and his good friend Patrick Star, neighbor Octopus brother, boss crab, etc. the scene is set in the Pacific Ocean, a city called beechburg.

萬(wàn)萬(wàn)沒想到的是，動(dòng)畫片中可愛的海綿寶寶竟然是真實(shí)存在的一種海洋生物。

Unexpectedly, the lovely SpongeBob in the cartoon turned out to be a real marine creature.

海綿動(dòng)物是非常原始的多細(xì)胞動(dòng)物，起源可追溯到5.8億年前的寒武紀(jì)前期。中國(guó)科學(xué)院曾在我國(guó)貴州發(fā)現(xiàn)了距今6億年的貴州始杯海綿化石，是迄今為止人類發(fā)現(xiàn)的最早的海綿化石。

Sponges are very primitive multicellular animals, which can be traced back to the Early Cambrian period 580 million years ago. Guizhou Shibei Sponge Fossils, 600 million years ago, have been discovered in Guizhou by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which is the earliest sponge fossils ever discovered by human beings.

值得一提的是，海綿是動(dòng)物而非植物。海綿動(dòng)物呈世界性分布，從淡水到海生，從潮間帶到深海。它們形態(tài)各異，有塊狀、管狀、分叉狀、傘狀、杯狀、扇狀或不定形，體型從幾毫米到2米長(zhǎng)，它們色彩絢麗，主要為黃色和紅色。

It is worth mentioning that sponges are animals, not plants. Sponges are distributed all over the world, from freshwater to marine, from intertidal zone to deep sea. They are various in shape, including massive, tubular, forked, umbrella shaped, cup-shaped, fan-shaped or amorphous. The body size ranges from a few millimeters to two meters long. They are colorful, mainly yellow and red.

海綿動(dòng)物常年固定不動(dòng)，它是怎樣吃飯的呢？海綿動(dòng)物采用一種過(guò)濾捕食方式。單體海綿很像一個(gè)花瓶，瓶壁上的每一個(gè)小孔都是一張“嘴巴”。海綿動(dòng)物通過(guò)不斷振動(dòng)體壁的鞭毛，使含有食餌的海水不斷從這些小孔滲入瓶腔，進(jìn)入體內(nèi)。

Sponge animal is fixed all year round, how does it eat? Sponge animals use a filtering method of predation. The single sponge is very much like a vase. Every small hole in the wall of the bottle is a "mouth". By constantly vibrating the flagella of the body wall, the sponge makes the sea water containing the bait penetrate into the bottle cavity from these small holes and enter the body.

極為有趣的是，在復(fù)合材料研發(fā)出來(lái)之前，海綿動(dòng)物的確是被用來(lái)當(dāng)作頭盔內(nèi)的緩震材料、廚房里的清潔工具以及浴室里的搓澡工具。所以，真正的海綿寶寶與我們的生活互動(dòng)非常多，只是在如今成本以及動(dòng)物保護(hù)的約束下，更多采用的是復(fù)合材料制作的“海綿寶寶”。

Interestingly, before the development of composite materials, sponge animals were indeed used as cushioning materials in helmets, cleaning tools in kitchens and scrubbing tools in bathrooms. Therefore, the real SpongeBob has a lot of interaction with our life, but under the constraints of todays cost and animal protection, the "SpongeBob" made of composite materials is more used.

上圖為某平臺(tái)活體“海綿寶寶”產(chǎn)品介紹。當(dāng)然了，產(chǎn)品是真“海綿寶寶”還是合成“海綿寶寶”在我看來(lái)并不重要，更重要的是我終于知道了“海綿寶寶”的真相，原來(lái)它距離我們的生活并不遙遠(yuǎn)。

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