學(xué)習(xí)英語過程中，準(zhǔn)確掌握一些形容詞及其近義詞之間的差別是非常重要的，這有助于提高我們對(duì)語言運(yùn)用的精準(zhǔn)把握！中學(xué)階段常見的近義形容詞有：

(一)beautiful/pretty/nice

*beautiful: adj，常作定語，表“美麗的、漂亮的”之意，語氣比pretty強(qiáng)，多指內(nèi)在美、程度很深的美。外國(guó)人一般少用beautiful夸人。

*pretty: adj，表“美麗可愛的”之意，多指小孩、婦女，其美僅僅是beautiful的一部分，程度沒有beautiful深。作副詞時(shí)，修飾形容詞，相當(dāng)于very。

*nice: adj，表“美麗的、友好的、好心的、令人愉快的”之意，可以作定語或表語。

(1) This is a pretty good plan.

(2) She is a pretty girl.

(3) We have a beautiful house.

(4) It is nice of you to come to see me.

(5) It is nice to visit Chengdu with my parents.

(二)alone/lonely

*lonely: adj，表“孤獨(dú)的”之意，作定語或表語，具有主觀感情色彩。

*alone: adj/adv，表“單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自”之意，做表語和狀語，帶有客觀性。

(1) His parents live alone in a small village, but they dont feel lonely.

(三)older/elder

*elder: 表“年長(zhǎng)的”之意，指的是兄弟姐妹之間的長(zhǎng)幼，不可與than連用。

*older: 表“年紀(jì)較大的、較老的，物品比較舊的”之意，作定語或表語，可以和than 連用。

(1) His elder brother bought him a new bicycle yesterday.

(2) He is taller than Bill though Bill is older than him.

(四)quick/fast/soon

*quick: adj，表“快”之意，指在較短時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生或者完成某個(gè)動(dòng)作。其副詞是quickly。

*fast: adj/adv，主要用作副詞，表“快”之意，指運(yùn)動(dòng)著的人或物體的速度快。

*soon: adv，表“不久、很快”之意，指時(shí)間快。

(1) The boy ran with quick steps to the classroom.

(2) Remember to call me back. We hope to receive your news soon.

(3) I cant tell you the exact time, because my watch goes a few minutes faster.

(五)ill/sick

*sick: adj，表“生病的”之意，作表語或定語；表“厭煩的”，只能做表語，后常跟介詞of。

*ill: adj，表“生病的”之意，只作表語；表“壞的、有害的”時(shí)，只作定語。

(1) He was ill yesterday, so he didnt come to school.

(2) She cant go out to play, because she had to look after her sick mother.

(六)true/real

*real: 表“真實(shí)的、名副其實(shí)的、真的”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀性。

*true: 表“真正的、正確的”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)與實(shí)際情況相符合。

(1) This is a real golden watch.

(2) Is it true that you will go to Shanghai for summer vacation ?

(七)pleased/pleasant

*pleased: 作表語，與with連用，表“對(duì)…感到滿意”之意，相當(dāng)于be satisfied with …。

*pleasant: 作定語或表語，表“令人愉快的，令人高興的”之意。

(1) The girl has a pleasant voice.

(2) My Chinese teacher was pleased with my progress in study.

(八)large/big

*big: 表“大的”之意，其表示在數(shù)量、尺寸、大小等方面超過了正常范圍，此時(shí)與large沒有區(qū)別。除此之外，big還可以表示“重要的、年長(zhǎng)的、程度深的”之意，而large沒有這些意義。

*large: 表“大的”之意，多用在表數(shù)量、范圍、規(guī)模、容量等方面；除此之外，其在表尺寸、大小、數(shù)量等方面和big用法一致。

(1) Look at the dark cloud. There is going to be a big storm.

(2) Russia is a large producer of wheat.

(3) It is no big deal. 這沒什么大不了的（固定搭配）。

(4) The criminal is still at large. 罪犯仍逍遙法外。

(九)famous/well-known

*famous: 表“出名的”意義，語氣比well-known強(qiáng)，多用于表“好的”意思。

*well-known: 表“出名的”之意，可用于表“好的”意思，也可以用于表“壞的”意思。

(1) The boy was well-known for his carelessness in math.

(2) Beijing is famous for its history and scenery.

(十)good/well

*good: adj，表“物品質(zhì)量好、人的品質(zhì)好”，其副詞是well。

*well: 做副詞時(shí)，表“好”之意；做形容詞時(shí)，表“身體好”。

(1) He can play the piano well.

(2) He is a good student.

(3) My grandparents are well.

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